Sphyrna lewini
tiburón martillo, Scalloped hammerhead
Size: At least 4.2 m. Silver-gray to gray-brown, fading to white underside. Underside tips of pectoral fins dusky. Rear edge of vental fin straight.
Habitat: Areas of deep water near dropp-offs. Form large schools of 400 individuals, swimming well organized
Domain
Eukaryota
Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Elasmobranchii
Order
Carcharhiniformes
Family
Sphyrnidae
Genus
Sphyrna
Species
lewini
Taxon category: Accepted
Syn.: Cestracion leeuwenii Day, 1865, Cestracion oceanica Garman, 1913, Sphyrna diplana Springer, 1941, Zygaena erythraea Klunzinger, 1871, Zygaena indica van Hasselt, 1823, Zygaena lewini Griffith & Smith, 1834, fide Appeltans et al. (2010)
Taxon origin: Native
Distribution: Tropical waters, less frequent in temperate regions; know from sothern California to Ecuador including Galapagos. California to Northern Peru and all the offshore islands of the Eastern Pacific. Circumtropical.
- Grove, J.S. Lavenberg, R.J. (1997) The Fishes of the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford California. 862 pp.
- Humann, P. Deloach, N. (2003) Reef Fish Identification - Galapagos. New World Publication, Inc. Florida USA & Libri Mundi, Quito, Ecuador, 226 pp.
- Appeltans, W. Bouchet, P., Boxshall, G.A., Fauchald, K., Gordon, D.P., Hoeksema, B.W., Poore, G.C.B., van Soest, R.W.M., Stöhr, S., Walter, T.C., Costello, M.J. (eds.) (2010) World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS). Available online at http://www.marinespecies.org.
- IUCN (2010) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 26 April 2010.
- Baum, J. et. al. (2007) Sphyrna lewini www.iucnredlist.org
- McCosker, J.E. Rosenblatt, R.H. (2010) The fishes of the Galápagos Archipelago: an update. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sc., Ser. 4, vol. 61, Suppl. II, no. 11: 167-195.
- Edgar, G.J. Fariña, J.M., Calvopiña, M., Martínez, C. & Banks, S. (2002) Comunidades submareales rocosas II: Peces y macroinvertebrados móviles. In: Danulat, E. & Edgar, G.J. (eds.) (2002): Reserva Marina de Galápagos. Línea Base de la Biodiversidad. Fundación Charles Darwin/Servicio Parque Nacional Galápagos, Santa Cruz, Galápagos, Ecuador, p. 68-97.
- Constant, P. (2007) Marine Life of the Galapagos. The Diver's guide to Fishes, Whales, Dolphins and marine Invertebrates, 307 pp.
- Hickin, N. (1979) Animal life of the Galapagos. Ferundune Books, Faringdon, U.K., 236 pp.
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